Wet Cell vs Dry Cell Batterries

Wet Cell vs Dry Cell Batterries

What is the difference between "wet cell batteries" and dry cell batteries?
Wet cell battery uses liquid electrolyte oppose to dry cell battery using electrolyte paste.


Where do we commonly find examples of each?
Wet cell batteries are commonly used in vehicle batteries such as cars, motorcycles and airplanes. Dry cell battery can be commonly found in phones, laptops, toys and small objects that need batteries.

Why are some batteries able to be recharged and others not?
There are two types of batteries a primary cell battery and a secondary cell battery, primary cell batteries aren't capable to recharge whilst a secondary batteries can. The ability for batteries to recharge depends on the elements used, cheap materials such as manganese that's ussually used in primary cell batteries can easily corrode and the reaction will be spent resulting to a dead battery. Hence the reason for rechargable batteries tending to cost more due to the metals used to create it such as lithium, the better the materials used the less it corrodes and be able to be recharged.

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Medical Science

Buzz Aldrin

Who is Buzz Aldrin and what did he do to who in September 2002?
Buzz Aldrin was charged with assault when he threw a punch at Bart Sibrel when he asked Buzz Aldrin to swear on the bible that he landed on the moon.

Raising Seeds

Aim: To look at the different growing conditions and how these affect the growth of the seeds.

Method:

• We worked in groups of 3-4 students
• Potting mix was put into the cups.
• The cups were planted with bean seeds
• Each cup had a different growing condition:

1. Cup 1-normal
2. Cup 2-red cellophane
3. Cup 3-overwatered
4. Cup 4-underwatered or green cellophane or blue cellophane

The plants grew in their cups for 10 days before they were measured.

Findings:

Plant growing condition	Height after 10 days (mm)
Normal	76mm
Blue cellophane	24mm
Red cellophane	80mm
Overwater Clear	38mm 59mm

The normal seedling was planted in a normal potting mix and grew to a height of ___76______mm.

The green cellophane seedling was planted in a normal potting mix, covered in Blue cellophane and watered. It grew to a height of ____24____mm. The red cellophane seedling was planted in the normal potting mix to a height of _______80____mm. The overwatered seddling was planted in a normal potting mix, the water could not drain out the bottom of the pot and it grew to a height of __38____mm.

Conclusion:

From the pictures and evidence we can conclude that:

The seedling height was:

1.76mm

2.80mm

3.38mm

4.24mm

The best growing conditions were:

1.Red

2.Normal

3.Clear

4.Overwatered

therefore the seedling with the best conditions grew to a height of 80 mm.

Transport in Plants

Aim: To observe xylem tissue and prove that they transport water up the plant.

Equipment: One stick of celery with the leaves still attached, a retort stand, boss head and clamp, a petri dish, water, food colouring, a knife or scalpel.

Method:

1. Make a cut across the base of the celery stalk to expose a new section of the stem.
2. Fill the petri dish with water and add a few drops of food colouring.
3. Place the celery stalk in the petri dish and gently clamp it in a place using retort stand, boss head and clamp.
4. Leave the stalk undistributed for 24 hours.
5. Remove the stalk from the clamp and petri dish. Cut the stem about 1/3 of the way up the stem.

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Investing Refraction Through Lense

Aim: To investigate how different types of lenses refract light.

Equipment: Triple-slit ray slide, power supply, a concave lens and convex lens.

Method:

1. Set up ray box, triple-slit ray slide, and power supply
2. Place convex kens in the space below place the ray box at the top of the page and shine the three rays of light at the lens. Make sure the central light at the lens. Make sure the central light ray hits the lens at 90 degrees as indicated in the diagram.
3. carefully trace the directions of the incoming and refract rays.
4. Repeat using the concave lens.

Results:

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Refraction

Aim: To investigate how light is affected by changing the substance it is traveling through.

Equipment: ray, power source, glass or perspex block, single-slit ray slide.

Method: Collect the equipment from your teacher, and set them up to produce a single beam of light.

Results: The light was slightly off the angle of incidence either towards or away from normal.

How Do Curve Mirrors Work?

Aim: To investigate the reflection of light rays in concave and convex mirrors.

Equipment: Ray box, triple-slit ray slide, and power supply

Method:

1. Set up your ray box, triple-slit ray slide, and power supply.
2. Place mirrors on your book as indicated below. Place ray box at the top of the page and shine 3 rays of light at the mirror.
3. Ensure that the middle ray of light at the mirror.
4. Carefully trace the direction of the three incident rays and three reflected rays.

Results:

The reflected light was the same as the incident light.

What Happens To Light When You Light It In A Certain Angle?

Aim: To investigate how light behaves when it hits a plane (flat) mirror.

Equipment:

Lightbox and a plane mirror.

Method:

1. Collect a ray box, power supply, and a single-slit ray slide from your teacher, and set them up to produce a single beam light.
2. Place a plane mirror on the diagram of the protractor as described below.
3. Vary the angle of incidence and record the angle of reflection in the results table.

Findings: 

The angle of incidence is the same as the angle of reflection.

Results:

Diffusion

Aim:
 To find out what will happen to the hot and cold water if you put the potassium permanganate (purple stuff) to it and see which one spreads faster.

Hypothesis:
I predict that the crystal will spread faster in hot water due to the water having more heat energy which causes the particle to move more.

Equipment:
Petre dish
Potassium Permanganate
Water (cold and hot)

Result:

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Boiling Curve

Why do we get boiling curves?
Water particles move at a certain temperature so everyone usually get similar temperatures.

What's happening to the particles?
The water particles are slowly moving more due to the temperature rising.

Whats happening to the particles at different stages?
Stage A: The particles are arranged neatly this means it is in solid form. It's still in a solid form because the heat isn't high enough.
Stage B: It definitely has more energy than stage A, at this point, the particles are moving more and slowly moving apart from each other because the temperature is rising, at this point the particles are in a liquid form.
Stage C: The particle has reached it's boiling point so it can no longer exceed the temperature because the particles are so away from each other they're turning into steam.


Are they moving more or moving less?
As the temperature rises, they move more due to heat, heat makes them have more kinetic energy making them move more.

Why does it not reach 100 degrees celsius?
It can't reach 100 degrees because it is the boiling point of water and so the particles are starting to move apart from each other so much that they eventually evaporate into steam.

Chromatography

Chromatography:
Using chemicals to extract the pigment.

Aim: To extract the pigment.

Hypothesis:
I predict that the mixture will
Equipment:

Method:

Get leaves from three different trees.

Leaves.

1st Leaf

2nd Leaf

3rd Leaf

Tear it up into tiny pieces.

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Put all the pieces straight into the mortar and pestle.

Start grinding.

Once it has reached a pasty texture add Ethanol using a dropper.

Transfer the mixture to a test tube and add more Ethanol if needed.

Repeat these step with the other two leaves.
Place all the test tubes into the test tube rack.

Wait overnight and see what happens.

Cut your filter paper into long strips and mark out a line on both sides.

Break your splint in half

Tape your splint onto the filter paper.

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Add a drop of you leaf mixture onto the line that you drew.

Add Ethanol to one of your boiling tubes low enough so it doesn't go past the line.

Insert the paper with the droplet onto the tube.

Wait for the result.




Results:
There wasn't a lot of movement in terms of our mixture, however, Mr Guy's mixture was very visible.
We decided to do it again due to our pigment not really showing, next time we should probably have less ethanol and more crushed leaves.

Mr Guy's Mixture

We decided to do it again but instead of using leaves as solute we used felt pens we also used water as the solvent instead of ethanol.
I knew to use dark colours because I know it has the most pigments and has a lot of colour mix into it.

Aim: To compare this experiment to the other one.

Equipment

Results:
The results were much more visible than the leaves, you can see the colour move up clearly and it was very vivid.

The solvent (water) moves up the chromatography paper and as it does it takes some of the pigment of the solute (felt pen) and spread it on the paper. The colours are separated due to it being different weight and the lighter colours get further up the paper.

I think this experiment worked well better than the leaves because the felt pen was more concentrated.

What Will Happen If You Boil Coke?

Aim: To boil coke and see what happens to the leftover liquid.

Equipment:

Method:
Set up your equipment.
Place your boiling tube to the clamp stand at an angle.

Fill 2/3 of your beaker with water.
Place your beaker at the bottom with a test tube on top and ice surrounding it.

Yours should look like this.

Light your bunsen burner, make sure to start with a red flame and turn it to blue straight away.

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Have the flame directly on the bottom of the tube.

Wait for it to boil.

Watch the water that's evaporated get transferred to the test tube.

Results
The leftover coke had a gooey texture like caramel and the liquid that's been evaporated looked like water.

Coke leftover

The liquid that's been evaporated

Discussion

The experiment worked well we had the results that we predicted.

Solute- A solid that can dissolve.
Solvent-Liquid that dissolves the solute.
Solution- Mixture of Solute and Solvent.
Dissolve-When large particles break into smaller pieces.
Soluble- Something that can dissolve.
Insoluble- Incapable to dissolve.
Saturate- the capacity of the solute that can dissolve in the solvent.
Dilute- Make liquid weaker


https://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/11447515/Man-boils-Coca-Cola-to-show-how-much-sugar-is-in-one-bottle.html